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I have read a bunch of similar questions on this site and others, but all of them either didn't reflect my situation or didn't provide a working solution.

So I have a Debian stretch x64 server running in a virtual KVM machine. I have installed Cygwin on Windows 7 Pro x64 and would like to run X applications on the Debian machine, using the Cygwin X server at the Windows machine.

This is my server-side SSH daemon configuration (Debian side):

AcceptEnv LANG LC_*

AllowAgentForwarding no

AllowTcpForwarding no

AllowStreamLocalForwarding no

ChallengeResponseAuthentication no

Ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-ctr

Compression no

DebianBanner no

HostKeyAlgorithms ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,ssh-ed25519

KbdInteractiveAuthentication no

KexAlgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256

ListenAddress 192.168.20.12:22

LoginGraceTime 20

MACs hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com

PasswordAuthentication no

PermitUserRC no

Protocol 2

PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes ssh-rsa,ssh-ed25519

RekeyLimit 100M 20m

Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

TCPKeepAlive no

X11Forwarding yes

X11UseLocalhost yes

This is the batch file I use to start konsole on the server (Windows side):

set CYG=c:cygwin64



%CYG%binrun.exe XWin -multiwindow -resize -clipboard -listen inet :1

SET DISPLAY=:1

SET LANG=en_US.UTF-8

%CYG%binssh.exe -f -Y root@192.168.20.12 "LANG=en_US.UTF-8 konsole"

"C:Program Files (x86)cmdowcmdow.exe" X-Morn-multiwindow /HID

exit

In principle, this works: When executing this batch file, konsole starts in a window on my Windows desktop. But there are two error messages in the cmd window:

libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found

libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast

As a last resort, I could live with those errors because konsole (and the other applications I need) obviously actually work, but I really would prefer knowing what is going on there (i.e. what causes the error messages).

From reading the other questions / threads / blog entries I have mentioned above, I got the impression that the problem might be related to missing nvidia or mesa components. So I installed some of these components on the Debian server doing (as root):

aptitude install libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-glvnd-nvidia-glx

Indeed, when I then ran the batch file mentioned above, the libGL errors were not thrown any more. But unfortunately, now the konsole window did not appear on the Windows desktop any more.

After uninstalling the two packages again, the konsole window again appeared when I ran my batch file - of course, this is true for the libGL error messages as well.

I would like to understand both of the phenomena. So what could be the cause of the libGL error messages (given the fact that missing mesa or nvidia drivers or libraries should not play a role when running X applications via SSH), and why does installing the two packages mentioned above keep the konsole windows from appearing?

Once again, all other questions I saw were relating to situations where the OP wanted to start X applications locally, i.e. wanted to run them on the same machine where the X server ran, or did not have a solution which was working in my case.